Kona, Hawaii SST: The 81 °F break showed on 2 passes

What the passes show

Passes read

26

The break

81 °F

Step across it

2.0 °F

Seen on

2 of 26 passes

Movement

too little overlap to measure

72-hour composite

100% of the water clear

26 passes over the water, in order, clouds left as holes (MetOp-B AVHRR, MetOp-C AVHRR, NOAA-20 VIIRS, NOAA-21 VIIRS).

The 81 °F break: a 2.0 °F step across it, seen on 2 of 26 passes. The passes that saw it overlap too little to measure a move.

No chlorophyll edge on this line (1.2× across). At 50 m: 80.0 °F under the warm side, 79.8 °F under the cool side; a surface edge: 0.2 °F across at 50 m · 1.8 °F at 100 m. Sea surface 3 cm higher on the warm side, 0.5 kn geostrophic current on the line.

Where the water says to look: the XX buoy, the OT buoy, the ZZ buoy.

Every number is from the satellite passes. Where the water says to look — not where the fish are.

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Water temperature at the grounds

Sea-surface temperature at each ground in season off Kona, Hawaii, on the 72-hour satellite composite of Nov 10–Nov 13: the mean of the clear water within 4 miles of the ground’s charted position. The last column is how far the break sits from it.

A satellite reads the surface of the water, not the water at depth.

A pass, a break, a composite

A pass is one satellite crossing the water once: it sees what the cloud lets it see and leaves the rest as holes. A break is a line the temperature steps across, and it only counts when more than one pass saw it. The composite fills the holes from the other passes of the same 72 hours.

How to read an SST passWhy fish sit on a breakComposite or single pass

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Satellite SST: NOAA/STAR ACSPO L3U via NASA PO.DAAC (subskin temperature)

Chlorophyll: NASA OB.DAAC VIIRS

Subsurface: Copernicus Marine (model)

Sea height: Copernicus Marine DUACS altimetry

Coastline: Made with Natural Earth

Every data source and licence